Isistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri, ngokuvamile eyaziwa ngokuthi i-BESS, isebenzisa amabhange amabhethri angashajwa kabusha ukuze igcine ugesi oweqile ovela kugridi noma emithonjeni evuselelekayo ukuze isetshenziswe kamuva.Njengoba amandla avuselelekayo kanye nobuchwepheshe begridi ehlakaniphile buthuthuka, amasistimu e-BESS adlala indima ebalulekile ngokuqhubekayo ekusimamiseni ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye nokukhulisa inani lamandla aluhlaza.Ngakho zisebenza kanjani ngempela lezi zinhlelo?
Isinyathelo 1: Ibhange Lebhethri
Isisekelo sanoma iyiphi i-BESS iyindawo yokugcina amandla - amabhethri.Amamojula amabhethri amaningi noma "amaseli" axhunywe ndawonye ukuze akhe "ibhange lebhethri" elinikeza umthamo wokulondoloza odingekayo.Amaseli asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-lithium-ion ngenxa yokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, impilo ende kanye nekhono lokushaja ngokushesha.Amanye amakhemistri afana nelead-asidi namabhethri agelezayo nawo asetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Uhlelo Lokuguqula Amandla
Ibhange lebhethri lixhuma kugridi kagesi ngesistimu yokuguqula amandla noma i-PCS.I-PCS iqukethe izingxenye zamandla kagesi njenge-inverter, isiguquli, nezihlungi ezivumela amandla ukuthi ageleze kuzo zombili izinkomba phakathi kwebhethri negridi.I-inverter iguqula i-direct current (DC) isuka kubhethri ibe yamanje eshintshanayo (AC) esetshenziswa igridi, futhi isiguquli senza okuphambene ukuze sishaje ibhethri.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Uhlelo Lokuphatha Ibhethri
Isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri, noma i-BMS, iqapha futhi ilawule iseli ngalinye lebhethri ngaphakathi kwebhange lebhethri.I-BMS ibhalansisa amaseli, ilawula amandla kagesi kanye namandla ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha, futhi ivikela emonakalweni wokushajwa ngokweqile, ama-overcurrents noma ukuchithwa okujulile.Igada amapharamitha angukhiye afana ne-voltage, yamanje kanye nezinga lokushisa ukuze ithuthukise ukusebenza kwebhethri nempilo yokuphila.
Isinyathelo sesi-4: Uhlelo Lokupholisa
Isistimu yokupholisa isusa ukushisa okukhulu kumabhethri ngesikhathi sokusebenza.Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni amaseli ngaphakathi kwebanga lawo lokushisa elilungile kanye nokukhulisa impilo yomjikelezo.Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokupholisa ezisetshenziswayo ukupholisa okuwuketshezi (ngokuzungeza isipholile ngamapuleti axhumene namabhethri) kanye nokupholisa komoya (ukusebenzisa izifeni ukuphoqa umoya ngezivalo zamabhethri).
Isinyathelo sesi-5: Ukusebenza
Ngezikhathi zesidingo esiphansi sikagesi noma ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo aphezulu, i-BESS idonsa amandla engeziwe ngohlelo lokuguqula amandla futhi iwagcine ebhange lebhethri.Uma isidingo siphezulu noma izinto ezivuselelekayo zingatholakali, amandla agciniwe akhishwa abuyiselwe kugridi ngesiguquli.Lokhu kuvumela i-BESS ukuthi "ishintshe isikhathi" amandla avuselelekayo ngezikhathi ezithile, izinze imvamisa yegridi kanye ne-voltage, futhi inikeze amandla ayisipele ngesikhathi sokucima.
Isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri iqapha isimo sokushajwa kweseli ngayinye futhi ilawula izinga lokushajwa nokukhipha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushajwa ngokweqile, ukushisa ngokweqile kanye nokuchithwa okujulile kwamabhethri - ukwelula ukuphila kwawo okusebenzisekayo.Futhi isistimu yokupholisa isebenza ukugcina izinga lokushisa eliphelele lebhethri ngaphakathi kwebanga lokusebenza eliphephile.
Kafushane, isistimu yesitoreji samandla ebhethri isebenzisa amabhethri, izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi yamandla, izilawuli ezihlakaniphile nokuphathwa kwe-thermal ndawonye ngendlela ehlanganisiwe yokugcina ugesi oweqile kanye namandla okukhipha lapho kudingeka.Lokhu kuvumela ubuchwepheshe be-BESS ukuthi bakhulise inani lemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, benze amagridi kagesi asebenze kahle futhi azinzile, futhi asekele ukushintshela kwikusasa lamandla anekhabhoni ephansi.
Ngokukhula kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengamandla elanga nawomoya, amasistimu amakhulu okugcina amandla ebhethri (i-BESS) adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusimamiseni amagridi kagesi.Isistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri isebenzisa amabhethri angashajwa kabusha ukuze igcine ugesi omningi ovela kugridi noma kovuselelekayo futhi ibuyise lawo mandla lapho kudingeka.Ubuchwepheshe be-BESS busiza ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo ngezikhathi ezithile futhi buthuthukise ukuthembeka okuphelele kwegridi, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusimama.
I-BESS ngokuvamile iqukethe izingxenye eziningi:
1) Amabhange ebhethri enziwe ngamamojula amaningi webhethri noma amaseli ukuze anikeze umthamo odingekayo wokugcina amandla.Amabhethri e-lithium-ion asetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, ukuphila isikhathi eside namandla okushaja ngokushesha.Amanye amakhemistri afana nelead-acid namabhethri agelezayo nawo ayasetshenziswa.
2) Uhlelo lokuguqula amandla (PCS) oluxhuma ibhange lebhethri negridi kagesi.I-PCS iqukethe i-inverter, isiguquli nezinye izinto zokulawula ezivumela amandla ukuthi ageleze nhlangothi zombili phakathi kwebhethri negridi.
3) Isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri (BMS) eqapha futhi elawula isimo nokusebenza kwamaseli ebhethri ngamanye.I-BMS ibhalansisa amaseli, ivikela emonakalweni wokushajwa ngokweqile noma ekukhishweni okujulile, futhi iqapha amapharamitha afana ne-voltage, yamanje kanye nezinga lokushisa.
4) Uhlelo lokupholisa olususa ukushisa okweqile kumabhethri.Ukupholisa okuwuketshezi noma okusekelwe emoyeni kusetshenziselwa ukugcina amabhethri ngaphakathi kwebanga lezinga lokushisa elilungile lokusebenza futhi kwandiswe ukuphila.
5) Indlu noma isitsha esivikela futhi sivikele lonke uhlelo lwebhethri.Izivalo zamabhethri zangaphandle kufanele zimelane nesimo sezulu futhi zikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa adlulele.
Imisebenzi esemqoka ye-BESS yile:
• Thatha amandla engeziwe kugridi ngezikhathi zokufunwa okuphansi futhi uwakhulule lapho isidingo siphezulu.Lokhu kusiza ukuzinzisa ukuguquguquka kwe-voltage ne-frequency.
• Gcina amandla avuselelekayo emithonjeni efana ne-solar PV kanye namapulazi omoya anomphumela oguquguqukayo nezikhawu, bese uletha lawo mandla agciniwe lapho ilanga lingashisi noma umoya ungavuthi.Lesi sikhathi sishintsha amandla avuselelekayo abe lapho adingeka khona kakhulu.
• Nikeza amandla ekhophi yasenqolobaneni phakathi namaphutha egridi noma ukucima ukuze kugcinwe ingqalasizinda ebalulekile isebenza, kungaba kumodi yesiqhingi noma yegridi.
• Bamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni isidingo kanye nezinhlelo zesevisi ezihambisanayo ngokunyusa amandla okukhipha amandla phezulu noma phansi lapho kudingeka, unikeze ukulawulwa kwamafrikhwensi nezinye izinsizakalo zegridi.
Sengiphetha, njengoba amandla avuselelekayo eqhubeka nokukhula njengephesenti lamagridi kagesi emhlabeni wonke, izinhlelo ezinkulu zokugcina amandla ebhethri zizodlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni lawo mandla ahlanzekile athembeke futhi atholakale ubusuku nemini.Ubuchwepheshe be-BESS buzosiza ukukhulisa inani lezinto ezivuselelekayo, ukuzinzisa amagridi kagesi kanye nokusekela ukushintshela ekubeni nekusasa lamandla elizinzile, elinekhabhoni ephansi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-07-2023
